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National Science and Technology Development Fund [2016] ]301 Number
Science and Technology Departments (Commissions) and Quality and Technical Supervision Bureaus (Market Supervision and Administration Departments) of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government; Science and Technology Bureaus of cities under separate planning; Science and Technology Bureau and Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps; Relevant departments of the State Council; Professional management agencies for science and technology programs (special projects, funds, etc.) under the central government’s financial system; All national specialized technical committees directly affiliated with the central government; and all relevant organizations:
To fully implement the "Outline of the National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy," the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements," the "Implementation Plan for Deepening Reform of the Science and Technology System," and the "Plan for Deepening Reform of Standardization Work," and to further advance the implementation of the technical standards strategy, we hereby put forward the following recommendations: In the course of implementing national science and technology program special projects (hereinafter referred to as “special projects”), which include major national science and technology special projects and key national R&D program special projects as defined in these Opinions, we will further strengthen the development of technical standards, enhance the mutually supportive relationship between standardization and scientific and technological innovation, use scientific and technological innovation to elevate the level of technical standards, leverage standards to facilitate the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements, and thereby promote the sustained, healthy, and robust development of the economy and society.
I. Fully recognize the importance of strengthening the development of technical standards in the implementation of special projects under national science and technology programs.
Technical standards—comprising international standards, national standards, nationally guided technical documents for standardization, industry standards, or local standards as referred to in these “Opinions”—serve as the bridge and link that facilitate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces. The development of technical standards has thus become an important component of scientific and technological research and development activities. Since the "National Medium- and Long-Term Plan for Science and Technology Development (2006–2020)," Since the introduction of the “Technology Standards Strategy” in [Year], through sustained policy guidance and support from science and technology programs, China has achieved remarkable results in the development and application of technical standards. The overall level of technical standards has significantly improved, and their role in promoting scientific and technological innovation and industrial development has become increasingly evident. Under the new normal, the trend of synchronizing technical standard development with scientific and technological innovation is becoming ever more pronounced. Technical standard development is gradually being integrated into every stage of scientific and technological activities, providing crucial support and guarantees for the rapid commercialization of scientific and technological achievements and their transformation into industrial applications. The development of technical standards not only affects the effectiveness of science and technology programs but also influences the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation itself. The "National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy Outline" explicitly calls for the implementation of a standards strategy and emphasizes the need to establish and improve an interactive support mechanism that links technological innovation, patent protection, and standardization. To effectively implement the innovation-driven development strategy as well as the requirements set forth in "Made in China 2025" and the "Quality Development Outline (2011–2020)," we must deepen reforms of the science and technology system and the standardization framework, further promote closer integration between science and technology and the economy, and enhance the efficiency of using fiscal funds for scientific research. There is an urgent need to further strengthen the development of technical standards—covering both the formulation and revision of technical standards—in the special implementation processes of national science and technology programs, thereby reinforcing the guiding and safeguarding roles of technical standards in scientific and technological innovation.
II. Strengthen categorized guidance for the development of technical standards within special programs under national science and technology initiatives.
The standard-setting tasks within special projects (research topics) shall be aligned and coordinated with the standard system (plan) established by the competent standardization authorities. Based on the expected scope of application and technological maturity of the outcomes from special projects (research topics), while strengthening intellectual property protection, it is advisable to consider developing international standards, national standards, national guiding technical documents for standardization, industry standards, or local standards. For projects (research topics) whose expected outcomes represent independently innovative technologies and products with promising prospects for industrialization, market penetration, and internationalization, and where there are gaps in existing international standards or where their proposed solutions outperform current international standards, it is particularly appropriate to designate the development of international standards as a research task. For projects (research topics) whose expected outcomes involve technical requirements that need to be uniformly applied nationwide, it is advisable to designate the development of national standards as a research task. For projects (research topics) whose expected outcomes pertain to safeguarding human health and life and property safety, national security, ecological and environmental safety, and meeting basic requirements for socio-economic management, it is appropriate to designate the development of mandatory national standards as a research task. In technology (industry) fields characterized by vigorous innovation and rapid development and change, where the technical solutions for expected outcomes are not yet fully stable and market prospects remain uncertain, it is permissible to designate the development of national guiding technical documents for standardization as a research task. For projects (research topics) whose expected outcomes involve technical requirements that need to be uniformly applied within a specific industry nationwide but for which no national standards currently exist in the relevant field, it is advisable to designate the development of industry standards as a research task. For projects (research topics) whose expected outcomes relate to fields lacking both national and industry standards, yet require the establishment of specialized technical requirements tailored to local natural conditions and ethnic customs within a particular province, autonomous region, or municipality, it is appropriate to designate the development of local standards as a research task.
3. During the special-purpose establishment phase, comprehensively coordinate and grasp the requirements for developing technical standards.
For special projects with a clearly defined application orientation, the establishment process should take into account tasks or content related to the development of technical standards. For special projects involving standard-setting tasks, the science and technology authorities, together with the relevant industry authorities and standardization authorities, shall jointly organize the preparation of the project implementation plan and jointly recommend experts from both the technical and standardization fields to participate.
4. At the stage of project (subject) approval for special initiatives, clearly define the tasks and requirements for developing technical standards.
For special projects with a need to develop technical standards, the relevant content on technical standard research shall be incorporated into the project (subject) application guidelines. Applying entities should specify in their project (subject) application documents the concrete objectives, contents, and anticipated outcomes of the technical standard research. During the project (subject) approval review process, the professional institutions managing central government science and technology programs (including special projects and funds, hereinafter referred to as "professional institutions") shall emphasize the role of specialized technical committees for standardization, standardization research institutions, and standardization experts in related fields, providing advisory and feasibility assessment services to ensure the necessity and feasibility of the standard development tasks included in the projects (subjects). The task descriptions for each project (subject) shall clearly state the number, names, types, and target timelines for advancing the research on technical standards.
V. Strengthening the requirements and services for the development of technical standards during the implementation phase of special projects (research topics)
In the implementation of technical standard development tasks, specialized institutions and project (subject) undertaking units shall fully leverage the technical advisory and review roles of experts who previously participated in special design, implementation plan preparation, and guideline drafting. In the evaluation, verification, and finalization of key technical aspects and indicators of standards, project (subject) undertaking units shall give full play to the role of third-party inspection and testing organizations with appropriate qualifications. For revisions to existing standards that are treated as research tasks, project (subject) undertaking units shall proactively engage in effective communication with the original standard-setting organizations. When changes to project (subject) research tasks involve standard development tasks, project (subject) undertaking units shall coordinate and communicate in advance with the relevant specialized standardization technical committees regarding such changes. The specialized standardization technical committees shall provide advisory opinions and recommendations on the nature, type, name, scope of application, and main content of the revised standards. For changes to mandatory national standards, project (subject) undertaking units shall obtain approval from the relevant administrative authorities under the State Council. The standardization authorities shall establish and improve a rapid approval procedure for special technical standard development tasks, striving to halve the approval cycle for recommended national standards that have already undergone thorough preliminary justification and been incorporated into specific research tasks. As for national guiding technical documents, based on the maturity of their technical solutions and market application prospects, the approval and public notice procedures may be omitted, allowing for prioritized and expedited approval and accelerating the pace of transforming scientific and technological achievements into practical applications. The national standardization authorities shall set up a National Technical Standards Resource Service Platform for project (subject) undertaking units with standard development tasks, providing services such as domestic and international standard bibliographic searches, free full-text access to mandatory national standards, and online reading of authorized standard texts. Relevant specialized standardization technical committees shall offer support and guidance to standard development task undertakings regarding standard formulation and revision procedures and methodologies.
6. During the acceptance phase of special projects (research topics), ensure that the completion status of technical standard development tasks is properly monitored.
For special projects (research topics) with tasks related to the development of technical standards, standardization experts from relevant fields are invited to participate in the acceptance review. The organizations undertaking these projects (topics) shall provide documentation related to the initiation of standard-setting plans, solicitation of comments, and submission for approval, as well as the draft standard or the final standard text itself, all of which will serve as crucial evidence for the acceptance review of the standard-development task. Additionally, for standards that introduce new technologies and indicators for the first time, or whose technical indicators differ from those stipulated in existing standards at the same level, an assessment and verification report on the key technologies and indicators in the standard, issued by a third-party inspection and testing organization with appropriate qualifications, must be attached. In cases where the technical standard-development task is terminated or postponed due to objective reasons, supporting documentation proving such circumstances shall be provided.
7. Support the conversion of results from ongoing and completed special projects into technical standards.
The science and technology authorities and the standardization authorities shall establish and improve working mechanisms for transforming scientific and technological achievements into technical standards. They will select certain key areas to carry out pilot programs aimed at converting scientific and technological achievements into technical standards. Furthermore, they will support the conversion of outcomes from ongoing or completed and accepted special projects (research topics)—outcomes that demonstrate broad application prospects and strong market demand—into technical standards, thereby accelerating the industrialization and market-oriented application of scientific and technological achievements.
8. Strengthen the statistical analysis and application of technical standards developed under special projects.
Include the development of specialized technical standards in the statistics on scientific and technological achievements and in scientific and technological reports, and strengthen the open sharing of statistical information. The completion status of technical standard development tasks will serve as an important basis for project (subject) implementing units when they are considered for undertaking subsequent technical standard research and revision work.
9. Strengthen the cultivation of technical standards professionals and the development of expert teams.
The competent authority for standardization, together with the science and technology authorities and relevant specialized institutions, shall provide training on technical standards knowledge, tools, and methodologies to project (research) leaders undertaking tasks related to the development of technical standards. Experts involved in the development of technical standards will be encouraged to participate in the work of standardization technical committees. In pilot demonstration activities for standardization and in the selection and commendation process for the China Standards Innovation Contribution Award, priority will be given to units and teams that have outstandingly completed their technical standards development tasks. Furthermore, efforts will be strengthened to enhance the exchange and sharing of information between the National Database of Science and Technology Experts and the Database of Standardization Experts.
10. Encourage localities to formulate supporting policies and measures.
Local science and technology authorities, in collaboration with standardization and industry authorities, shall study and formulate supporting policies for technical standards under special local science and technology programs. Technical standard research projects (topics) that contribute to fostering, clustering, and developing local advantageous industries as well as promoting social progress will be given priority support in the allocation of special projects (topics) under science and technology programs and industrial projects. For special projects under science and technology programs that involve standard-setting tasks, local standardization authorities shall actively cooperate and ensure effective implementation of standard initiation, execution, and promotion. In efforts to eliminate outdated production capacity and promote industrial technological upgrades, full use shall be made of the mandatory technical standards developed through special projects (topics) under science and technology programs. It is encouraged that technical standards developed through special projects (topics) under science and technology programs serve as the basis for government procurement and public bidding processes.
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